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Expert evaluation: Cognitive Walkthrough

Conceptualization / PrototypingqualitativeIntermediate

TL;DR

Evaluate learning ease of an interface for new users.

Detailed description

Cognitive Walkthrough is an expert evaluation methodology that simulates the mental process of a new user attempting to complete specific tasks in an interface. This technique examines each required action from the perspective of cognitive theory, evaluating whether the user can predict the correct action, find the necessary controls, and understand system feedback. Research demonstrates its effectiveness in identifying learnability and discoverability problems (Interaction Design Foundation). It is especially valuable for evaluating complex flows and onboarding of new users.

Main objective

Evaluate learning ease of an interface for new users.

When to use it

Early stages with low-fidelity prototypes.

Effort level

Medium

Recommended number of users

1–3 experts

Advantages

  • Evaluates learning ease
  • Predicts new user problems
  • Low cost
  • Doesn't require users

Disadvantages

  • Theoretical vs. real
  • Biased by expert
  • Doesn't capture all problems
  • Limited to specific tasks

When to use

  • Early prototypes
  • Learnability evaluation
  • Interfaces for novices
  • Educational products

Metrics

  • 📊Cognitive steps identified
  • 📊Predicted learning problems
  • 📊Discoverability ease
  • 📊Feedback clarity

Practical example

Simulate a new user making a mobile banking transfer step by step.